Endoscope is used to look inside and the human body for medical reasons. It can consist of a rigid or flexible tube, a light delivery system to illuminate the organ or object under inspection, a lens system transmitting the image to the viewer from the fiberscope, and an additional channel to allow entry of medical instruments or manipulators.

Esthesiometer is an instrument used to measure tactile sensitivity of the skin. The measure of the degree of tactile sensitivity is called aesthesiometry. There are different types of esthesiometers depending on their particular function. The simplest is a manual tool with adjustable points similar to a caliper. It can find out how short a distance between two impressions on the skin can be distinguished.

Amblyoscope is a reflecting stereoscope used for measuring or training binocular vision and for stimulating vision in an amblyopic eye. It presents one image to one eye and another image to the other eye. Commonly it employs front-surfaced mirrors placed at different angles close to the eyes to reflect the images into the eyes.

Electrocautery is the process of burning or destroying tissue by use of a small probe with an electric current running through it. It has become a routine surgical means of burning unwanted or harmful tissue and is also used to diminish or stop hemorrhaging. Its applications range from the more obvious stemming of blood flow to lesser-known applications for craniotomy, peripheral nerve repair, aneurisms and cataract extraction.

ENA screen consists of a single ELISA for antibodies against the SM, RNP, SS-A, SS-B, SCL-70 and Jo-1 antigens. Specimens positive by screen will be further tested for each individual antibody.

Erythropoietin is a hormone (a type of protein) produced by specialized cells in the kidneys. It is a test to measure the amount of erythropoietin in blood. It is used to help determine the cause of anemia, polycythemia (high red blood cells) or other bone marrow disorders.

Estradiol is the most potent estrogen of a group of endogenous estrogen steroids, which includes estrone and estriol. It is the most active form of estrogen in the human body. An estradiol test measures the amount of estradiol in the blood. This test is used to evaluate function of the ovaries, placenta, or adrenal glands, particularly when certain types of ovarian tumor are suspected, or when there is delayed or abnormal development of male or female body characteristics.

Estrone is an estrogenic hormone. It is produced primarily from androstenedione originating from the gonads or the adrenal cortex. It is relevant to health and disease due to its conversion to estrone sulfate, a long-lived derivative of estrone. It is a primary estrogenic component of several pharmaceutical preparations, including those containing conjugated and esterified estrogens.

Endocrine/Thyroid testing is a common test used to tell how well the thyroid is working. It is essential to an accurate diagnosis. The commonly used thyroid tests include measurement of serum thyroid hormones, thyroid binding globulin, measurement of pituitary production of TSH, TRH test, and iodine uptake scan.